ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™

ืฉืจืœื•ืง ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืชื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืขื‘ื•ืจืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืช

ืœืžืขืœื” ืž- 51 ืฉื ื•ืช ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ

ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-51 ืฉื ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช,
ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืช

ื—ื™ื™ื’ื• ืืœื™ื ื•:

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืŸ

ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื

ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฉืขื” ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ืžื•ืงื” ืงืจื™ื’ืจ ืคืชื— ื‘-2015 ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช "ืฉืจืœื•ืง" ื‘ืฉื ื—ืื™, ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ืŸ ื•ืื—"ื› ื‘ื”ื•ื ื’-ืงื•ื ื’ ื•ืฉื ื–'ืืŸ ืžืืช: ืžื•ืงื”ย  ืงืจื™ื’ืจ ืกื™ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ืชย  ื›ืžืขืฆืžื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืœื”ื“ื™ื— ืืช ืืจื”"ื‘ ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื—ื›ื ื•ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขืœืย  ืž"ืžืขืฆืžืช โ€“ ืขืœ " ื–ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืขืกืงื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”ย  ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืŸ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžื• ืจื›ื™ืฉืช "ืชื ื•ื‘ื”" ืข"ื™ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ื, ืžื™ื–ื ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืขื ื”ืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื“ื™ืฉ ื•ืขืžืžื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื ืขืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื’ื ื™ ืฉืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืฆื—ื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ื™) ื•ืกื’ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ื–'ืื ื’ืžื™ื ื’ ืฉืฉื•ื—ื—ื• ืขืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขืกืงื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืกื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ืžื• ื”ืžื ื”ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืื™ืœืช ื•ื”ืงื™ื 1,500 ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื. ื‘ื•ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืขื ืกื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื™ ื›ืžืฉืงื™ืฃ ื•ื›ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™, ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืฉื’ืจื™ืจืช ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ, ืขื•"ื“ ื•ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœืžืคื’ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ืขื•"ื“ ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ืง ืฉืคืชื— ื–ื” ืžื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•"ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืงื•ืžื™ย  ืžื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืŸ - ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื ื—ืื™ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื’-ืงื•ื ื’ ื•ืฉื ื–'ืืŸ ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจื "ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืขืกืงื™ื" ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืฉื ื›ืฉืœื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืืœืžื ื˜ืจื™ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืกื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื—ืœืงื ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื›"ืœื ื™ืฉืจื™ื" ืื• ื—ืกืจื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ืจืžื• ื ื–ืงื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืžื ืฉื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื ื•ืžืฆืื• ื ื™ื—ื•ืžื™ืย  ื‘ืืžื™ืจื•ืช ืกืชืžื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: "ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ืžื ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช" ื•ืขื•ื“...

ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ืžื•ืงื”  ืงืจื™ื’ืจ ืžืžืฉืจื“  ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช "ืฉืจืœื•ืง" ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืกื“ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• , ื”ื™ื ื• ื’ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืœืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™โ€“WAD- ืฉืžื•ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืœืคื™ ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ืคืชื— ืกื ื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื‘- ืฉื ื—ืื™, ืื—"ื› ื™ืคืชื— ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื•ื ื’ ืงื•ื ื’ ื•ืฉืื ื–ืืŸ. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžืจืืฉ ืขื ืžื™ ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืกื™ื ื™ื ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื” ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ื•....ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืงื•ื“ื. ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื” ื—ื•ืกื›ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืžื—ืคื™ืจ ื•ืžืขืœื™ื‘. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ,ื›ื“ืื™ ื•ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ืื—ืจืช..........ืขืœื•ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืคื ื™ "ืฉื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”".

ืžืืžืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ืโ€‹
ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืžื•ื ื— ื”ืคื•ืš ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืœื™ื“ ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ, ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ื’ื™ื“ื”

ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ื’ื™ื“ื”: ืžื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืขื™ื“ ื•ืžื” ืจืง ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื›ื”

ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื ื• ืœื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื“ืจืžื”. ื”ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉืงื˜. ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืขื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืฉืชื ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ืช

ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืžืฆืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ื” ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืขืœ ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ืช, ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืŸ

ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฉืขื” ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ืžื•ืงื” ืงืจื™ื’ืจ ืคืชื— ื‘-2015 ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช "ืฉืจืœื•ืง" ื‘ืฉื ื—ืื™, ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ืŸ ื•ืื—"ื› ื‘ื”ื•ื ื’-ืงื•ื ื’ ื•ืฉื ื–'ืืŸ ืžืืช:

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช

ืฉืจืœื•ืง ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช - ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื˜ื— ื”ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ืฉืœื”. ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœืช

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ื—ืงื™ืจืช ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™

ื—ืงื™ืจืช ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืช

ื›ืš ืชื“ืขื• ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ืงื™ืจืช ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืฉื” ืื—ืช, ืืœื ืื•ืกืฃ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื”. ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช

ื›ืš ืชื“ืขื• ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืช

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืช

ืžื” ืฉื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชืช-ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ โ€“ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช

ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช

ืžื” ืฉื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,ย ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชืช-ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ โ€“ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื”

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื ื›ืกื™ื ืžื•ืกืชืจื™ื

ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช

ืžื” ืฉื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช,ย ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชืช-ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ โ€“ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื”

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป
ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™

ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื

ืชื—ื•ื ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืคื™ืกืช ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื—ืœืงื›ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ, ืžืขืงื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืคื™ืกืช ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื–ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื“ื™ ื™ื“ื•ืข

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ยป

ืžื•ืงื” ืงืจื™ื’ืจ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช

ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-51 ืฉื ื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ, ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื 1468/75. ืฉื™ื—ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื™ืกืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

ืžื•ืงื” ืงืจื™ื’ืจ

ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืฉืืœื”? ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื™ ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ื“ื™ืกืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

ืฉื™ื—ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช